Modern maritime navigation prioritizes safety, and EPIRB (Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon) is one of the key components of the marine rescue system. In this article, we will explain how EPIRB works, why AIS is now the standard for such devices, and, using the example of the Jotron Tron 60AIS, demonstrate testing procedures, technological innovations, and essential usage aspects.
What is an EPIRB and why is it so important?
EPIRB is an emergency beacon that enables a quick call for help in critical situations. When activated, it transmits a distress signal on the 406 MHz frequency, monitored by the global satellite system COSPAS-SARSAT. With integration with GPS systems and AIS functionality, EPIRB allows precise location tracking of a vessel.
Since July 1, 2022, according to IMO MSC.471(101), all newly installed EPIRBs must be equipped with AIS functionality. This change significantly increases the efficiency of locating vessels in distress.
Core functions of EPIRB:
- Alerting rescue services: The 406 MHz signal with the vessel’s identifier is sent to the rescue coordination center.
- Precise localization: The GPS module and AIS signal enable real-time vessel tracking.
- Homing signal on 121.5 MHz: Used in the final phase of rescue operations.
- LED and IR lights: Facilitates nighttime rescue operations.
How does an EPIRB work?
EPIRB combines advanced satellite and radio technologies to ensure maximum reliability.
How it works:
- Activation: The device can be activated manually or automatically. For automatic brackets, a hydrostatic release mechanism (HRU) activates the EPIRB when submerged at a depth of 2–4 meters.
- Signal transmission: The distress signal is transmitted on the 406 MHz frequency to COSPAS-SARSAT satellites.
- Vessel localization: If the EPIRB is equipped with AIS, the signal is also received by nearby vessels, enabling faster rescue actions.
Jotron Tron 60AIS – an example of a modern EPIRB
Jotron Tron 60AIS is an advanced device designed with modern maritime navigation in mind. It offers a wide range of features, making it an indispensable tool at sea.
Key features of Tron 60AIS:
- AIS functionality: Enables direct communication with nearby ships and faster rescue operations.
- RLS (Return Link Service): Notifies the crew that the distress signal has been received by Galileo satellites.
- Robust construction: Durable housing resistant to harsh weather conditions.
- Long operation time: 48 hours of full-power operation after activation.
Tron 60AIS complies with SOLAS requirements, making it suitable for commercial ships and vessels operating in all regions.
EPIRB in the context of GMDSS
EPIRB is an essential element of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS). This system requires all commercial vessels to be equipped with certified EPIRBs in compliance with international regulations.
Additionally, EPIRBs like Tron 60AIS support the operation of VDR (Voyage Data Recorder). The VDR records crucial data about the vessel, and the EPIRB connected to it in a special bracket serves as an additional data carrier. Communication between the memory module and the bracket is wireless, so maintaining the bracket’s cleanliness and proper silicone lubrication is essential.
Testing EPIRB: The example of Tron 60AIS
Regular EPIRB testing is crucial to ensure the device’s full functionality. Below is the recommended procedure using Tron 60AIS as an example:
- Conduct a self-test:
- Activate the test mode on the device.
- Observe the LED indicators – a successful test is indicated by a single blink of the LED.
- Extended GNSS test:
- Run the GNSS test mode to verify that the GPS receiver is working correctly.
- Check if the positional data is accurate.
- Bracket check for VDR-connected EPIRBs (applicable to JOTRON Tron 40AIS):
- Ensure the EPIRB base and bracket are clean and that surfaces are coated with a thin layer of silicone grease.
- Verify that wireless communication is functioning properly.
Why is AIS EPIRB the future?
Thanks to AIS functionality, modern EPIRBs significantly enhance the effectiveness of rescue operations. They are particularly useful in areas with high maritime traffic, where the distress signal can be immediately received by nearby ships.
Innovative technologies like Return Link Service increase crew confidence by confirming that SAR services have received their signal.
Conclusion
EPIRBs, especially models equipped with AIS, such as the Jotron Tron 60AIS, are indispensable tools in modern maritime operations. With advanced features, compliance with international standards, and integration with GMDSS, they ensure safety even in the harshest conditions.
Remember: Regular testing, crew training, and proper device maintenance are key to its reliability.
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